| Sarcopenia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Pathophysiology and Resistance Training Interventions |
| Paper ID : 1220-SPORTCONGRESS |
| Authors |
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Fatemeh Islami *1, مهلا جهانگیر2 1Dr. Fatemeh Islami, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran. Zip code: 49138-15759 2Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran, |
| Abstract |
| Introduction: Sarcopenia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two common age-related conditions that have a bidirectional relationship. The loss of muscle mass and function caused by sarcopenia impairs metabolic control and exacerbates insulin resistance. Conversely, T2DM contributes to muscle degradation and the progression of sarcopenia through increased oxidative stress and systemic inflammation. Resistance training (RT) has been identified as a non-pharmacological intervention with significant potential to improve these conditions. Methods: This narrative review was conducted through an advanced search using English keywords including “Sarcopenia”, “Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus”, and “Pathogenesis” combined with “Resistance Training” and “Strength Training”, as well as their Persian equivalents. Searches were performed in reputable databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, SID, Magiran, Google Scholar, and Megapaper up to January 2025. Inclusion criteria comprised original research and review articles published in English or Persian between 2000 and 2025 that investigated the association between sarcopenia, type 2 diabetes, and the effects of resistance or strength training. Exclusion criteria involved inaccessible full texts (n=3), non-English/Persian publications (n=1), low-quality or non–peer-reviewed papers (n=4), and studies on non-relevant or pediatric populations (n=10). After screening, 43 studies met the eligibility criteria for final evaluation. Results: The findings indicate that RT enhances muscle protein synthesis, improves insulin sensitivity, reduces inflammation, and increases anabolic hormones such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), contributing to the maintenance and growth of muscle mass in these patients. Additionally, RT significantly reduces glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, leading to better glycemic control. Conclusion: Therefore, it appears that RT can serve as an effective strategy for the prevention and management of sarcopenia in T2DM patients. Developing targeted exercise programs for these patients may enhance their quality of life and functional independence. |
| Keywords |
| Sarcopenia, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Resistance Training, Insulin, Muscle Mass, Glycated Hemoglobin |
| Status: Abstract Accepted (Poster Presentation) |
