| Comparison of Trunk and Lower Limb Kinematics During the Forward Step-Down Test in Individuals With and Without Chronic Stroke |
| Paper ID : 1362-SPORTCONGRESS |
| Authors |
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Hanie Farhangi *1, Fatemeh Behmanesh1, Melika Nikakhlagh2 1University of Allame Tabataba'i 2University Of Semnan |
| Abstract |
| Abstract Introduction: The forward step-down test is a functional task requiring precise balance, neuromuscular coordination, and controlled limb motion. It simulates daily activities such as stair descent and obstacle negotiation. Post-stroke individuals with hemiparesis experience impaired motor control, weakness, and sensory deficits that disrupt coordinated movement and elevate fall risk. Quantitative analysis of kinematic deviations during this test provides insight into compensatory strategies and motor impairments underlying functional limitations. This study aimed to compare three-dimensional trunk and lower limb kinematics at 60° of knee flexion during the forward step-down task between stroke survivors and healthy individuals. Methods: In this causal-comparative study, 15 men with chronic stroke (mean age: 50.3 ± 6.1 years) exhibiting hemiparesis and 15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls participated. Three-dimensional motion capture recorded angular displacement of the ankle, knee, hip, and trunk at 60° of knee flexion. Independent samples t-tests were applied, with significance set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: Significant differences were found in four of five kinematic variables. Compared to controls, the stroke group showed reduced ankle dorsiflexion (4.8 ± 0.6° vs. 12.1 ± 1.3°; P = 0.003) and greater hip adduction (10.7 ± 1.1° vs. 6.1 ± 0.9°; P = 0.038), trunk flexion (19.8 ± 1.7° vs. 13.5 ± 1.8°; P = 0.012), and lateral trunk tilt toward the unaffected side (6.9 ± 1.0° vs. 3.1 ± 1.1°; P = 0.024). Conclusion: At 60° of knee flexion, stroke survivors exhibit asymmetric kinematic patterns marked by reduced ankle mobility and compensatory trunk and hip movements. These adaptations help maintain balance but reduce movement efficiency and increase fall risk. Findings emphasize using three-dimensional motion analysis to guide rehabilitation targeting ankle mobility, trunk stability, and intersegmental coordination for restoring symmetrical, efficient movement post-stroke. |
| Keywords |
| Biomechanics, Stroke, Forward Step-Down, Kinematics, 3D Motion Analysis. |
| Status: Abstract Accepted (Poster Presentation) |
