| Comprehensive Anti-Doping Strategies for Athletes: An Umbrella Review of Existing Evidence |
| Paper ID : 1448-SPORTCONGRESS |
| Authors |
|
Gity Hayez *1, Farshid Karami2 1دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه تهران 2دکترای مدیریت ورزشی |
| Abstract |
| Background: Doping remains one of the most complex challenges in the world of sport. Given the vast body of review literature in this field, a high-level synthesis of evidence is needed to identify the most effective anti-doping policies and measures. This study aimed to integrate and analyze findings from existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses to provide a comprehensive, evidence-based framework for the management and control of doping in athletes. Methodology: This study was conducted as an umbrella review. Major scientific databases were systematically searched to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to anti-doping policies, programs, and interventions. Following a rigorous screening and quality appraisal process, key findings from the selected reviews were extracted, synthesized, and categorized using thematic analysis. Results: The results reveal a growing consensus on the necessity of shifting from purely reactive and punitive approaches (Anti-doping I) to a proactive and systemic preventive ecosystem (Anti-doping II). This multidimensional approach is built upon four main pillars: 1) Educational Strategies: emphasizing targeted, tailored interventions based on age and competitive level, which are values-based and initiated during early adolescence; 2) Policy and Governance: including the strengthening of legal frameworks (e.g., the WADA Code), enhancing system legitimacy through proportionate sanctions, and extending responsibilities to athlete support personnel; 3) Psychological and Social Interventions: focusing on identifying and reinforcing protective factors (e.g., self-efficacy, morality) while mitigating risk factors (e.g., pro-doping attitudes) by creating supportive environments; and 4) Technological Innovations: moving toward novel detection methods such as the use of biomarkers in the Athlete Biological Passport. Conclusion: An effective fight against doping requires an integrated and comprehensive strategy that extends beyond detection and punishment. This umbrella review underscores the need for policymakers and sport organizations to focus on cultivating a culture of clean sport through coordinated investments in preventive education, systemic reforms, and psychological support. |
| Keywords |
| Anti-doping, Doping, Sport Integrity, Umbrella Review, Preventive Strategies, Sport Policy, Athlete Education |
| Status: Abstract Accepted (Poster Presentation) |
